El objetivo de este escrito es exponer las características del Estado democrático como lo concibe Spinoza en su Tratado teológico político, conciliando la libertad individual con la paz del Estado. Para esto, en primera instancia se contrastan los efectos de gobernar de forma autoritaria, liberal y democráticamente. Luego presento los fundamentos del Estado a partir del derecho natural individual y una ley universal humana para poder establecer los requisitos para que se conserve el Estado democrático: obediencia, fidelidad y libertad de (...) expresión de parte de los súbditos, determinando los límites tanto de los individuos como de parte del Estado. Finalmente, se presenta la degeneración de la razón de Estado como la concibe Maquiavelo, dejando abierta la reflexión para lo que sucede en el ámbito de la política actual. (shrink)

Resumen: El siguiente trabajo pretende analizar la categoría de “romanticismo político” desarrollada por el filósofo alemán Carl Schmitt, aplicando su acepción de “política romántica” al caso del poeta-político chileno Guillermo Matta Goyenechea. Por medio de términos tales como imaginación, lenguaje cósmico, progreso moral, democracia, entre otros, este poeta-político articuló su discurso social durante el periodo de 1853 a 1858, como elementos de disputa con el poder regente bajo la intención de reformar la sociedad chilena de su época.: The present work (...) had the purpose of defining the category of "political romanticism" developed by the German philosopher Carl Schmitt, applying its meaning of "romantic politics" to the case of the Chilean political poet Guillermo Matta Goyenechea. Through the terms stories such as imagination, cosmic language, moral progress, democracy, among others, this poet-politician articulated his social discourse during the period from 1853 to 1858, as elements of dispute with the ruling power under the intention of reforming the chilean society of his time. (shrink)

For every$n\in \omega \setminus \{0,1\}$we introduce the following weak choice principle:$\operatorname {nC}_{<\aleph _0}^-:$For every infinite family$\mathcal {F}$of finite sets of size at least n there is an infinite subfamily$\mathcal {G}\subseteq \mathcal {F}$with a selection function$f:\mathcal {G}\to \left [\bigcup \mathcal {G}\right ]^n$such that$f(F)\in [F]^n$for all$F\in \mathcal {G}$.Moreover, we consider the following choice principle:$\operatorname {KWF}^-:$For every infinite family$\mathcal {F}$of finite sets of size at least$2$there is an infinite subfamily$\mathcal {G}\subseteq \mathcal {F}$with a Kinna–Wagner selection function. That is, there is a function$g\colon \mathcal (...) {G}\to \mathcal {P}\left (\bigcup \mathcal {G}\right )$with$\emptyset \not =f(F)\subsetneq F$for every$F\in \mathcal {G}$.We will discuss the relations between these two choice principles and their relations to other well-known weak choice principles. Moreover, we will discuss what happens when we replace$\mathcal {F}$by a linearly ordered or a well-ordered family. (shrink)

La posibilidad del conocimiento práctico -- La teoría del discurso de Habermas -- La teoría del discurso de Robert Alexy -- Decisión, validez jurídica y argumentación.

Este artículo ya ha aparecido en Revista Heterotopías del Área de Estudios Críticos del Discurso de FFyH, Volumen 4, N° 8, Córdoba, diciembre de 2021 – ISSN: 2618-2726. Resumen : Son tenues las huellas de Lúcio Pinheiro dos Santos, matemático y filósofo portugués, que fue conocido como el filósofo fantasma, principalmente a causa de su trabajo haberse, literalmente, esfumado en una hoguera frente a la Cámara Municipal de Lisboa. No obstante, son contundentes los pocos vestigios que se pueden - Philosophie (...) – Nouvel article. (shrink)

Although the advantage of biorobotics over traditional modelling tools is not always evident from the studies on animal search addressed in the target article, this commentary argues that testing different robotic architectures and specific biological organisms in structured search spaces, where environmental constraints matter, might prove one of the most promising research strategies in comparative cognition.

The stage of the formation and establishment of a market economy in Georgia raises the necessity for economic science to solve fundamentally different problems concerning the improvement of the investment environment and investment climate in national economy. After the collapse of the former Soviet Union, the replacement with new relationships has been quite difficult and painful in which foreign investments should play a crucial role. Issues to be discussed include the questions that explore some of the categories and the constraints (...) of the investment climate. All this leads to the relevance of the article and, therefore, determines the purpose of the article. The research process uses general dialectical methods of socio-economic research as well as modern methods of research of economic theory. The scientific aim of the research is to highlight the current issues of the investment environment and investment climate in economy, to study the transformation processes taking place in Georgia during the last two decades, to conduct analysis using proper methods, to show the current social and political as well as other important processes, to generalize them and to form proper opinions. Findings based on research suggest that it is possible to speed up the process of economic development of Georgia. However, the situation will remain difficult in the region and the factors causing the recession _ instability in oil prices and the weakening of the national currency against the US dollar will still be present. In conclusion, the opinion can be formed that a stable and predictable legislative process is important for the investment environment. Therefore, all the parties that may undergo the changes should be informed and involved in every project planned by the government; At present, it becomes necessary to further extend the deregulation policy, which should include the development of financial and investment sectors and support of the establishment of appropriate infrastructure, promotion of the further development of microfinance institutions, investment companies and funds, designing the system of investment insurance and stimulation, elimination of unnecessary bureaucracy and artificial barriers, etc. (shrink)

Writing the Final Degree Project is a difficult task for most undergraduate students. This is the case of Computer Engineering, a discipline in which the proper presentation of results is a complex written production activity. The RESULTS section is more complicated than others due to its structure, its communicative purposes and the way to achieve them. While there have been some descriptions of its rhetorical-discursive organization, most have focused on the prototypical organization of only one of the types of TFGs (...) produced in this discipline. Therefore, in this mixed research of descriptive scope, we rhetorically-discursively analyze the RESULTS section of Computer Engineering TFG’s, considering the particularities of the different types of TFG’s existing within the discipline. To this end, using genre analysis, we analyzed 117 RESULTS sections of Computer Engineering Final Degree Project. Among our findings, it is observed that in the section the moves ‘Present preparatory information’, ‘Report results’ and ‘Interpret results’ are prototypically employed. In turn, variations in the rhetorical-discursive organization are established, which are related to the 4 types of TFG that occur in the discipline. We conclude that there are 4 types of TFG in Computer Engineering, which affect the rhetorical-discursive organization of the RESULTS section. At the same time, we argue that attention should be paid to the particularities of the genre and of each section, since due to the different purposes pursued in each of them, the discursive functional units used differ from each other. (shrink)

The aim of the article is to establish which the features of egotistic literature are. In order to achieve such a purpose, the article presents a typology of the genre and describes its main types of works: a) autobiography and memorialistic prose; b) journals, personal diaries, cards and cahiers ; c) biography; and d) life stories. Bearing this in mind, the article suggests a theoretical basis for this particular kind of narratives. At the end, the article presents five conclusions: 1) (...) alterity is always present in biographical narratives; 2) biographical narratives are expressions of experiences; 3) biographical narratives provide some unity to plurality; 4) egotistic literature configures itself in an imaginative and fictional form; and 5) biographical narratives configure themselves in a temporal form. (shrink)

Light song (a text score) -- Introduction : writing fragments -- The political possibility of sound -- Hearing volumes : architecture, light and words -- Geographies of sound : performing impossible territories -- Morality of the invisible, ethics of the inaudible -- Hearing subjectivities : bodies, forms and formlessness -- Sonic materialism : a philosophy of digging -- Reading fragments of listening, hearing vertical lines of words -- Putting on lipstick (a text score).

Este texto já apareceu em 2018 na Revista Dobra N° 2. Resumo : Manuel António Pina chamava-lhe isto porque não sabia o nome d'isto. Já eu venho escolhendo a precária, transitória e possivelmente redundante designação de “ritmo vital”. Escolher este nome não resulta de uma tentativa de definição, é antes uma decisão operatória que permite avançar e descolar a atenção do isto, para o gesto de contacto com esse isto – ritmo vital –, e a sua relação com a experiência (...) estética e com a criação artística. Neste - Esthétique – Nouvel article. (shrink)

This English translation of Friedrich Nietzsche in seinen Werken offers a rare, intimate view of the philosopher by Lou Salomé, a free-thinking, Russian-born intellectual to whom Nietzsche proposed marriage at only their second meeting. Published in 1894 as its subject languished in madness, Salomé's book rode the crest of a surge of interest in Nietzsche's iconoclastic philosophy. She discusses his writings and such biographical events as his break with Wagner, attempting to ferret out the man in the midst (...) of his works. Salomé's provocative conclusion -- that Nietzsche's madness was the inevitable result of his philosophical views -- generated considerable controversy. Nietzsche's sister, Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche, dismissed the book as a work of fantasy. Yet the philosopher's longtime acquaintance Erwin Rohde wrote, "Nothing better or more deeply experienced or perceived has ever been written about Nietzsche." Siegfried Mandel's extensive introduction examines the circumstances that brought Lou Salomé and Nietzsche together and the ideological conflicts that drove them apart. (shrink)

From its use in literary theory, film criticism and the discourse of games design, Salomé Voegelin expands 'possible world theory' to think the worlding of sound in music, in art and in the everyday. The modal logic of possible worlds, articulated principally via David K. Lewis and developed through Maurice Merleau-Ponty's phenomenological life-worlds, creates a view on the invisible slices of the world and reflects on how to make them count, politically and aesthetically. How to make them thinkable and accessible (...) as the possibility of the everyday and of art: to reach a new materialist understanding from the invisible and to develop an ear for the as yet inaudible. This revised edition continues Voegelin's exploration of the sonic possibility of the world into the sonic possibility and impossibility of the body. Listening to work by Áine O'Dwyer, Hannah Silva and Jocy de Oliveira, it considers sonic possible worlds' radical power to rethink normative constructions and to fabulate a different body from its sound: Hearing the Continuum Between Plural Bodies ; between humans, humanoid aliens, monsters, vampires, plants, things and anything we have no name for yet but which a sonic philosophy might start to hear and call. (shrink)

This book offers a way forward toward a better understanding of perceived discrimination from a critical discourse studies perspective. The volume begins with a discussion of quantitative studies on perceived discrimination across a range of disciplines and moves toward outlining the ways in which a discourse-based framework, drawing on tools from cognitive linguistics and discursive psychology, offers valuable tools with which to document and analyze perceived discrimination through myriad lenses. Rojas-Lizana provides a systematic account, grounded in a critical approach, (...) of perceived discrimination drawing on data from discourse from two minority groups, self-identified members of an LGBTIQ community and Spanish-speaking immigrants in Australia, and explores such topics as the relationship between language and discrimination, the conditions for determining what constitutes discriminatory acts, and both the copying and resistance strategies victims employ in their experiences. A concluding chapter offers a broader comparison of the conclusions drawn from both communities and discusses their implications for further research on perceived discrimination. This volume will be of particular interest to students and scholars in critical discourse studies, social policy, gender and sexuality studies, and migration studies. (shrink)

Juliana Guerrero. Música y humor en la obra de Les Luthiers. Santa Fe: Ediciones UNL, 2021, 280 páginas. Héctor Olivos. Prometeo: el fuego insumiso. Madrid: Prisa Noticias Colecciones y EMSE EDAPP, S.L., 2020, 125 páginas.

This text practices a philosophical voice that deviates from visuo-centric theory and the muteness of its language and instead sings a complex simultaneity of things and thoughts that burn through the walls of the discipline and illuminate the activities at the margins. This philosophical voice sings a refrain of “I,” which brings us back to bring us forward, surprising us in its renewal again and again. It is a body that is, as Samuel Beckett’s Not I, at once not I (...) and I; an idiosyncratic subjectivity that carries its plural name in its mouth. In this way, it further diffracts the sonic possibility of counterfactual slices into simultaneous dimensionalities open to our gaze in the dark, when we have let go of a normative orientation and are able to see the image at its depth. Between text scores, Churten theory, Canto Cardenche, and the breath of a humpback whale, this voice tries not to theorise. It does not want to produce a philosophical message, supporting a “philosophism” which akin to “scientism” treats philosophy as a phenomenon unconnected to cultural values or location, gender or racial specificity. Instead, it aims to practice a philosophy that opens in song to its own anxiety of objectivity, its fear of a reflective centre, and performs a translucent marginality that generates the view of a plural world burning through a permeable skin. (shrink)

Since the #MeToo movement, many discussions arose on the role of consent in defining rape, among academics, legal practitioners, non-governmental organisations, and at the European Union level. This debate is particularly relevant in France, where rape is a sexual act committed by violence, coercion, threat, or surprise, with no mention of consent in the Criminal Code. By conducting a meta-analysis of the discourse of the French legal literature on this topic in four criminal law reviews and ten textbooks, this study (...) offers a new perspective to this debate. Based on this analysis, the definition of rape and the role of consent is barely discussed by the literature, partly due to an equivalence drawn between the constitutive elements of the offence and the absence of consent of the victim. Yet, the relevance of consent is highly criticised, mainly by a few male academics, using primarily arguments of authority instead of a critical approach to the topic. In general, the French legal literature on the role of consent in defining rape supports rape myths and gender stereotypes. (shrink)

La didáctica de las ciencias es cada vez más activa, por lo que una metodología ampliamente utilizada es el Aprendizaje Basado en Problemas (ABP). Este método implica la resolución de un problema, la que se recoge en un informe denominado Informe de resolución de problemas (IRP). Para los estudiantes esta tarea representa un gran desafío, ya que implica actuar y expresarse del modo en que lo harían los expertos en el área. Es debido a esta dificultad que se hace imprescindible (...) la orientación de los tutores a través de la retroalimentación. Existen distintos tipos y modos de retroalimentar, lo que generará un impacto en el desempeño de los estudiantes. Analizamos los comentarios evaluativos que entregan las especialistas a los estudiantes que elaboran un IRP, tanto en un borrador como en la versión final del escrito. A partir de la clasificación de comentarios escritos de Arancibia, Tapia-Ladino & Correa (2019), realizamos un análisis de los tipos y modos de comentarios evaluativos y cómo el objeto influencia el modo. Los resultados indican que, a la hora de retroalimentar, en el primer borrador las docentes centran su atención en la superficie más que en el contenido y el modo predominante es a través de órdenes. En la versión final, la retroalimentación se dirige más bien al contenido y las evaluaciones positivas y negativas aumentan. Se infiere que en la medida que los comentarios evaluativos promuevan la adecuación al género, los estudiantes se insertarán más fácilmente en la comunidad a la que han ingresado. (shrink)

Friedrich Nietzsche in seinen Werken ist ein unveränderter, hochwertiger Nachdruck der Originalausgabe aus dem Jahr 1894. Hansebooks ist Herausgeber von Literatur zu unterschiedlichen Themengebieten wie Forschung und Wissenschaft, Reisen und Expeditionen, Kochen und Ernährung, Medizin und weiteren Genres. Der Schwerpunkt des Verlages liegt auf dem Erhalt historischer Literatur. Viele Werke historischer Schriftsteller und Wissenschaftler sind heute nur noch als Antiquitäten erhältlich. Hansebooks verlegt diese Bücher neu und trägt damit zum Erhalt selten gewordener Literatur und historischem Wissen auch für die Zukunft (...) bei. (shrink)

Este texto já apareceu no site da ESC:ALA. “Como começar pelo início, se as coisas acontecem antes de acontecer?”, pergunta Clarice Lispector, em A Hora da Estrela. Qualquer começo se faz pelo meio. Meio como metade de uma totalidade, meio como ponto equidistante do princípio e do fim. Meio como ponto central. Meio como ambiente. Ter meios, ter possibilidade, ter veículo, ter ponte. O começo nunca é uma totalidade. Qualquer começo se faz a igual distância do início e do fim (...) de um - Philosophie – Nouvel article. (shrink)

La explicación y comprensión de lo que se pueda considerar como origen del delito ha sido una preocupación histórica de la humanidad en la cual se ha invertido mucho esfuerzo. Esta sencilla exposición pretende abordar, desde lo conceptual, este complejo tema con el propósito de realizar algunos aportes que permitan la ubicación de sus nociones básicas y, desde allí, propiciar futuros desarrollos más claros al respecto.

El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo plantear una interpretación desacostumbrada sobre el concepto poético de lo “abierto” que Rainer Maria Rilke presenta en la octava elegía de sus Elegías de Duino. Para ello, en primer lugar, trataré de deshacer una de las lecturas más clásicas que se han realizado desde la filosofía sobre concepto de lo abierto rilkeano: su rigidez metafísica. En segundo lugar, apuntaré que la interpretación que realiza Martin Heidegger sobre lo abierto no tiene en cuenta aspectos relevantes (...) de la octava elegía que cuestionarían la idea, defendida por Heidegger, de que para Rilke el ser humano no tiene ninguna posibilidad para lo abierto. En tercer y último lugar, reinterpretaré lo abierto de la mano de Judith Butler y de sus conceptos “aprehensión” y “reconocimiento” con el fin de apuntar que lo abierto se presenta para el ser humano en la forma de un rompimiento continuo entre la construcción y el desmoronamiento. (shrink)

Resumen: El presente escrito tiene por objetivo discutir los alcances de la postura denominada escepticismo sobre el libre albedrío y evaluar si el debate compatibilismo - incompatibilismo supone una postura racionalista y/o necesitarista respecto a si un sujeto S actúa libremente. La discusión de los últimos diez años sobre este tópico permite establecer una distinción relevante entre que una acción sea libre, sin que ello descarte antecedentes causales de esa acción. En particular, sin que ello conduzca a un compromiso con (...) el denominado principio de posibilidades alternativas ni con el denominado argumento consecuencial. Se discutirá cómo el experimento desarrollado por Libet comprende el si una acción libre es equivalente a una acción consciente, considerando la relevancia de la libertad de veto y el rol del criterio de control de una acción. Una arista relevante en este análisis será la postura epifenomenalista. Finalmente, se evaluará la alternativa modal denominada imposibilismo y su rol en una postura escéptica respecto al libre albedrío.: This paper discusses the free will scepticism claim and discerns whether the compatibilism - incompatibilism debate presupposes a rationalistic/necessitarism stance about if a subject S acts freely. The last ten years makes it possible to establish a relevant distinction between an action being free, without discarding causal antecedents of that action. Specifically, this does not lead to a compromise with the so-called Principle of Alternative Possibilities or with the Consequence Argument. It will be discussed how the experiment developed by Libet comprises whether a free action is equivalent to a conscious action, considering the relevance of freedom of veto and the role of the control criterion of an action. A relevant edge in this analysis will be the epiphenomenalist stance. Finally, it will be evaluated the impossibilist modal alternative and its role in a sceptical position regarding free will. (shrink)

Museums are safe spaces for the objects they hold and for the persons that visit them, providing environments that can function in therapeutic ways. Within the wide range of objects, there is enough diversity to help guests discover what similarities they have with others as well as what makes them unique as individuals. Within exhibits, individuals can explore themselves through the reactions they have to particular pieces, through the observation of what holds their attention within the environment, and through the (...) awareness and development of their contemplative mind. Museums can introduce transpersonal information, add information to previous transpersonal experiences, and even promote expanded states of awareness. With direction, guests can use museums to learn about themselves, thus optimizing the therapeutic potentials of these institutions. (shrink)

El presente artículo tiene como objetivo explicar desde los planteamientos de Foucault, cómo funcionan, en términos descriptivos, los fenómenos de consumo que promueven la delgadez y la juventud como características positivas, que nos conducirían a un estado de salud, belleza y felicidad. En este sentido, este artículo proyecta ser tanto una aplicación de la filosofía del autor francés, como “unalectura”, de las diversas que se pueden llevar a cabo desde este autor. Si bien Foucault no estudió directamente este tipo de (...) temáticas, bajo una contextualización de sus planteamientos, lo tomamos como el marco y eje principal que nos guiará a problematizar, vincular y comprender las lógicas que operan en los discursos de belleza física y de consumo. (shrink)

Resumen: Chile, a pesar de su historia migratoria, no ha generado programas educativos sustentados por políticas gubernamentales que propicien la adquisición de la variedad lingüística de la comunidad de acogida, por parte de la inmigración no hispanoparlante, integrando los referentes culturales de ambos colectivos. Se propone una alternativa a este olvido histórico y nos planteamos lo siguiente: ¿Qué elementos debiesen integrar un programa de adquisición de la variedad lingüística de la comunidad de acogida dirigido a inmigrantes haitianos propiciando el conocimiento (...) cultural? Se presenta el diseño e implementación de un programa que adopta la Hipótesis de Interdependencia Lingüística, en un aula dinámica donde se trabaja de forma colaborativa y situada. Se concluye que es posible educar en una segunda lengua a partir de la incorporación de elementos que propicien la interrelación de los aprendices en igualdad de conocimientos, y el uso de los códigos lingüísticos de los participantes como manifestación de respeto e interés por lo que cada uno pueda aportar a partir de su L1, develando su cultura de origen.: Chile, despite having a migration history, has not generated educational programs supported by government policies that encourage the acquisition of the linguistic variety of the host society, by non-Spanish-speaking immigration community, integrating the cultural referents of both collectives. It is suggested an option to this historical oblivion and we consider the following: What elements should be integrated into a program for acquiring the linguistic variety of the host society focused to Haitian immigrants fostering the cultural recognition? It is presented the design and implementation of a program that adopts the Linguistic Interdependence Hypothesis in a dynamic classroom working in a collaborative and situated way. As a conclusion, it is possible to educate in a second language from a program that incorporates elements that promote the interrelation of all participants in equality of knowledge, as well as the use of participants’ linguistic codes as a manifestation of respect and interest for what each participant can contribute from his/her L1, revealing their culture of origin. (shrink)

With reference to Steven Feld’s “acoustemology,” his epistemology of sounding and listening, developed in the Bosavi Rainforest in Papua New Guinea, where the trees are too dense to afford a distant view and meaning has to be found up close, on the body with other human and more-than-human bodies, this essay deliberates how sound knows in entanglements and from the in-between: in a being with as a knowing with rather than from a distance. In this way, this essay, from the (...) densities of the rainforest, critiques Western knowledge and its reliance on visual categories, straight lines, and universalising principles that pretend objectivity and a distant view. Instead, it turns to the relational indivisibility of sound that lets us hear interdependencies and confronts us with the invisible of which we are part. In conclusion, it proposes that sound studies as applied, transversal studies enable such a paradigm shift that at once reveals what hegemonic knowledge strands exclude and invites a different dialogue from the in-between of everything. (shrink)

Chomsky's “revolution” and the revolution in sign language linguistics began around the same time, but they did not directly affect each other for a while. This chapter focuses on Chomsky‐inspired research on sign language grammar and the ways that the study of sign languages connects to theories of innateness, the two main ways that Chomsky's impact has been felt in sign linguistics. Chomsky's linguistic legacy has two primary arms: one in theories of syntax, and the other in theories of language (...) acquisition. Chomsky's strong claim is that the input provided to young children acquiring their native language is too poor to constitute a complete inductive basis for general cognitive learning principles to succeed. Specifying the content of the “language acquisition device” has been a central concern of Chomskian linguistics. (shrink)

En este artículo se quiere ahondar en la propuesta que Jean Luc Marion ofrece sobre el ídolo en relación con el icono y cómo esta puede aportar al pensamiento artístico. Para esto, abordaremos la relación del ídolo con los distintos rostros que pretenden mostrarse como tal y luego el pensamiento sobre el icono cristiano. En este sentido, nos adentraremos en la propuesta estética cristiana y la posibilidad de pensar un arte a posteriori, es decir, que surge desde un acontecimiento, extendiéndolo (...) y haciéndolo más visible. (shrink)

The main objective of this paper was to analyze gender representation in Mexican elementary education materials from 1960 to the present, particularly on the topic of human evolution, as this is a fundamental subject for the understanding of our ancestry as a species, and for its relationship with questions about human nature. Using gender as a category and an approach that included both qualitative and quantitative methods, a comparison of three generations of textbooks for elementary school and “monographs” was carried (...) out. The results show a deeply entrenched and systemic problems of gender representation in Mexican pedagogical tools past and present. (shrink)

RESUMENEste trabajo busca establecer cuál es el remanente idealista de la razón pública que pervive en el intento infructuoso de superar el idealismo absoluto limitando la razón que debe encargarse de construir el consenso no-excluyente por superposición. Como alternativa se propone pensar un nuevo tipo de consenso, eventual e inestable, que exija- y aquí estaría latente el otro idealismo no absoluto del de Leonberg- una comunicación constante basada en el diálogo inagotable del que nazcan normas concretas de conducta consensuadas pero (...) eventuales.PALABRAS CLAVESCONSENSUS EVENTUEL, KOMMUNIKATIVE VERNUNFT, RECEVABILITE, PUBLIC REASON.ABSTRACTThis paper want to establish the idealist remains of public reason, showing that absolute idealism can not be overcome by limiting the reason, that must build the nonexclusionary consensus by overlapping, but instead proposing like aim a new type of consensus, eventual and unstable, which would require, and here would be latent the other non-absolute idealism of Leonberg, a constant communication based on infinite dialogue that giving cause for specific rules of conduct, agreed but reviewable.KEY WORDSCONSENSUS EVENTUEL, KOMMUNIKATIVE VERNUNFT, RECEVABILITE, PUBLIC REASON. (shrink)